Live Appearance and Habitat
Female scale cover subcircular, pale beige or tan with light brown exuvia usually subcentral, moderately convex. Body deep yellow with dark ‘V’ shape on posterior pygidium, eggs and crawlers yellow (usually produces eggs that hatch into crawlers under the scale cover). Usually on leaves or petioles, fruit, and sometimes on stems. Life-cycle in New Zealand is uniparental with 2 overlapping generations a year.
Diagnosis
Adult female with perivulvar pores present; with a slender dorsal duct between median lobes.
Source: [ScaleNet](http://scalenet.info)
Keys
Miller & Davidson (2005). Evans, Watson & Miller 2009: 63-67 (female) [Diaspididae species found on avocado]; Gill 1997: 155 (female) [Species of California]; Kosztarab 1996: 509 (female) [Northeastern North America]; Danzig 1993: 169 (female) [Europe]; Zahradnik 1990b: 104 (female) [Czech Republic]; Williams & Watson 1988: 130 (female) [Tropical South Pacific]; Tereznikova 1986: 113 (female) [Ukraine]; Chou 1985: 300 (female) [Species of China]; McDaniel 1969: 107 (female) [U.S.A.: Texas]; Beardsley 1966: 520 (female) [Federated States of Micronesia]; Ezzat 1958: 241 (female) [Egypt]; Balachowsky 1956: 106 (female) [Africa]; McKenzie 1956: 26 (female) [U.S.A.: California]; Balachowsky 1953k: 114 (female) [World]; Lupo 1953a: 75-76 (female) [Italy]; Balachowsky 1948b: 299 (female) [Mediterranean]; Zimmerman 1948: 358 (female) [Hawaii]; Ferris 1942: 35 (female) [North America]; Archangelskaya 1937: 98-100 (female) [Central Asia]; Gomez-Menor Ortega 1937: 110 (female) [Spain]; Kuwana 1933: 3 (female) [Japan]; Kuwana 1933b: 48 (female) [Japan]; Fullaway 1932: 95-97, 107 (female) [Hawaii]; Balachowsky 1928a: 132 (female) [North Africa]; Hollinger 1923: 7-8 (female) [U.S.A.: Missouri]; Leonardi 1920: 90 (female) [Italy]; Lawson 1917: 217 (female) [U.S.A.: Kansas]; Robinson 1917: 29 (female) [Philippines]; Dietz & Morrison 1916a: 289-290 (female) [U.S.A.: Indiana]; Cockerell 1905: 45-46 (female) [Mexico]; Cockerell 1905b: 202 (female) [U.S.A.: Colorado]; Newstead 1901b: 81 (female) [England]; Newell 1899: 4-5, 25 (female) [North America]; Green 1896e: 40 (female) [Sri Lanka]; Comstock 1883: 55-57 (female) [North America].
